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AnsiUTF-8Devanagari

aṃkapalīn.f. written notice
aṃsabaadj./adv. apt, advisable
akalan.f. prudence, insight
akasaraadv. normaly, mostly, often
agaracaconj. although, even if
agalabaadv. mostly, probably
agāuadv. first, before
acarajan.m. wonder, surprise; adj. amazing
acirajan.m. wonder, surprise; adj. amazing
acīrajan.m. wonder, surprise; adj. amazing
ajaban.m. wonder, miracle, extraordinary matter; adj. amazing, strange, astonishing
ajarāhan.m. carrying out, execution
ajarūiprep. from, from the direction of
ajāiban.m.pl. s. ajaba
ajuraun.m. bondage, unpaid labour
aṛabanum. 100 millions
aḍhāinum. two and a half
aḍhāiṃnum. two and a half
atālaadj./adv. very, very much
adanāadj. low, poor
adān.f. carrying out, completion, execution
adāban.m.pl. (sg. adaba) good manners; respect; form of greeting
adālatan.f. judicial court
adhakāran.m. power, authority
adhon.m./adj. half
adhīadj. f. half
anasāran.m.pl. supporters, companions
apracaconj. then, as follows; marks the beginning of the actual content of a letter following the introductory formulas
apraṃcas. apraca
abūdīyatan.f. service, devotion
abhālaadj. nowhere to be found, invisible; insignificant
amanan.m. peace, tranquillity
amaran.m. order
amaladāran.m. tax officer
amalān.m.pl. employees; tax collectors
amāṃnatan.f. bail, security
amā.abbrev. of amāvasyā n.f. the night of the new moon
amālan.m.pl. deeds, actions
amīnan.m. tax officer, responsible for allotment of taxes
amīlan.m. tax officer, responsible for collection of taxes
amumanaadj./adv. normally, generally
aragajaun.m. perfume, ointment
arajan.f. petition; news, information (always used if directed from a person of lower rank to a person of higher rank)
arajīs. araja
arabāban.m.pl. owners, masters; persons attrusted with sth.
alakāban.m.pl. titles, honorary titles, epithets; forms of address in letters
alabataadv. although, certainly
alabatahaadv. although, certainly
alāhadāadv. separately, individually
alāhīdīadv. separately, individually
aluphān.m.pl. food, provisions, daily wages
avadhār-v.t. to accept, receive, hold
avalanum. first (esp. first of month)
avādān.f. promise, assurance, arrangement
avārajon.m. record, book-keeping
aṣatiyāran.m. leadership, power, authority
asaṭa-dhātan.f. the eight types of metal; alloy, brass
asabāban.m.pl. (sg. sababa) causes, reasons
ahatayājan.f. necessity, need
ahadan.m. government, reign
ahadāsan.m. invention, innovation
ahalan.m.pl. people, persons
ahavālan.m.(sg.!) circumstance, condition
ahasānan.m. favour
ahaidan.m. government, reign
āṃtiraipostpos. kai ā. within, inside of
āghoadj. far, far away
āghīadj. far, far away
āchāadj./adv. good, sane, healthy
āchāṃadj./adv. good, sound, healthy
ājāran.m. illness
ājuradāadj. anxious, sad
āḍā-v.t. to stop, prevent, block
āḍī ā-to come to one's help, support
āphatīn.f. accident, mishap, misery
āba-run.m. dignity, honour
āmadanīn.f. income, earnings
āmalan.m. tax officer, responsible for collecting taxes on Pargana level
āvāchāā. the from southern direction
āsataiadv. slowly
āsarī-bādan.m. blessing
āsarain.m. shelter, haven
āsāmīn.m. client, subordinate, tenant, servant
āsāran.m.pl. traces, tracks; ā. mubāraka the sayings of Muhammad
āhanīadj. made of iron
iṃtakālan.m. transport, transfer
iṃtaṣābas. itakhāba
iṃnādan.m. resistance, rebellion
iṃṣalāsīn.m. friendship
iatamādan.m. trust, trustworthiness
ika-num. one (in cmpds.)
ijatan.f. honour
ijatīn.f. honour
ijāphān.m. growth, increase, promotion
ijāphon.m. growth, increase, promotion
ijārān.m. lease; title on land given on lease
ijāron.m. lease; title on land given on lease
itaphākan.m. event, incident; coincidence, accident
itarājan.m disapproval, criticism
italāin.f. announcement; advice
itaṣāban.m. selection, choice
itahādan.m. alliance
inatajārīn.m. waiting, expectation
inasāphan.m. verdict, justice
ināman.m. present, favour, honouring
ināitas. ināyata
ināyatan.f. favour, generosity
ināyatīs. ināyata
imatayājan.m. distinction, honouring
iratabātan.m. alliance, friendship
irasādan.m. decree, order
irasālan.m. consignment
ilatamāsan.m. plea, petition, request
ilājan.m. cure, healing
iṣalāsan.m. friendship
isatakāṃmatan.f. strength, stability, firmness
isatagāson.m. appeal for help
isatīphās. isatephā
isatephān.m. abdication, renunciation
isānan.m. favour
isāratan.m. sign, hint
istemālan.m. custom, usage, practice
ihatīyātan.f. caution, precaution
ihatyātan.f. caution, precaution
ukatan.m. time
ujanan.m. weight
ujaran.m. excuse, pretext
ujar-v.i. to be destroyed, laid waste, to rot
utanan.m. homeland
unhālun.m. summer, summer heat
uparāṃtapostpos. after, behind
upāṛ-v.t. to remove, discharge
uraipostpos. kai u.: in the direction of
uraphaadj. known as, aka
ulūsan.m. tribe, people
usaratan.f. difficult condition, poverty
etabāran.m. confidence
etarājīs. itarāja
evajas. aivaja
esāṃnan.m. favour
aikalāadj. single, sole
aitabāras. etabāra
aitarājīs. itarāja
aivajan.m. substitute, barter object; ke ai. mai: for, in place of
oghan.m. sum, certain amount of money
oḍhanīn.f. shawl, scarf
olādan.f.pl. children, descendants; temura kī o.: the Timurids, the Mughals
ohadon.m.(sg.!) office, position
ohaloadj. single, alone; stealthy
ka.abbrev., s. karāra
kaṃmaitan.m. bay horse
kaṃraman.m. generosity, favour
kacahaṛī / kacaharīn.f. court, administration, office of the Dīvān
kacaihaṛīs. kacahaṛī
kaṭakāin.f. army
kaṭārīn.f. dagger
kaṭhān.m. unit of square measurs; approx. 60sqm
katalan.m. killing, execution
katīn.f. dagger, sword
kadama-bosīn.f. kissing of the feet as a sign of submission
kadaran.f. measure; quantity, value
kadācaadv. sometimes, perhaps
kadīmaadj. old
kabajan.f. confiscation, take-over
kabāṃṇan.f. bow
kabīlās. kabīlo
kabīlon.m. tribe, family
kabulan.m. consent
kamatarīṃnaadj. lowest, humblest
kama-besaadv. more or less
karajan.m. debt, credit
karāṃmatan.f. generosity, greatness
karāran.m. fixed place; adj. fixed, established
karolan.m. guard
kalāṃadj. big, large
kavalan.m. promise, agreement
kavāyadan.m.pl. rules, regulations, drill
kasadan.m. intention, wish, decision
kasaran.f. mistake, problem, troubled relations
kasāyalos. kasālo
kasālon.m. trouble, inconvenience
kaharan.m. scorn, anger
kāimas. kāyama
kāilaadj. agreeing, consenting
kāphīlān.m. caravan
kāphuraadj. vanished, gone
kābilaadj. able; sufficient
kābu / kābūn.m. property, authority, power
kāma ā-v.i. to fulfill one's duty, to die in battle
kāyamaadj. fixed, established
kālabāsi / kālabasīn.m. departed person
kāsīdan.m. messenger, courier
kirāain.m. charge, lease
kīphāitan.f. details, report, account; situation
kīphāitan.f. abundance, availability
kīphāitīs. kīphāita
kībalagāhīn.m. close friend, reliable friend
kīmaṃtīadj. precious, expensive
kīmaṣāban.m. brocade
kīyāṃmaadj. firm, constant; n.m. stop, whereabouts
kīsatī / kisatin.f. rate, payment, fixed amount
kuca / kūcan.m. departure; k. dara k.: one after the other
kudaratan.f. power, ability
kudarati/-īs. kudarata
kumakan.f. (milit.) reinforcement, support
kumaṣas. kumaka
kurakaadj. confiscated
kulaphan.f. problem, difficulty, inconvenience
kuvatīn.f. strength, power
kusalāṃ-ṣaimāṃadv. happily
ketākaindec. pronom.adj. some, several
kedan.f. arrest
kaidan.f. arrest
koṭaṛīn.f. small chamber
korāadj. pure, untouched; plain (of paper)
kolas. kavala
gaṃjūran.m. treasurer
gajaran.m. bell which is rung at the end of a period of three hours (pahara); early morning
ganīman.m. enemy
gaman.m. grief, sorrow
garakaadj. sunken, stuck
garajan.m. mace
garajan.f. reason, motive; aim
garadanan.f. neck
garadanīn.f. neck
garus. guru
gavaras. gaura
girada / gīradan.m. circuit, surroundings
girada pesan.m. surroundings, neighbourhood
gīrānīn.f. recession, decay, poverty
gīlon.m. accusation, complaint
gujar-v.i. to happen; to be presented, handed over
gujasatāadj. past, happened
gujār-v.t. to hand over, present
gunhagāran.m. man guilty of a crime, offender
guphatagon.f. conversation
guphatagoin.f. conversation
gubāran.m. uneasiness, anxiety
gumaṛīn.f. boil, ulcer
gumāsatān.m. agent, authorized representative
gumāsatos. gumāsatā
guraja-baradāran.m. courier, messenger
guru(var. gurū, garu) n.m. The Guru/Leader of the Sikhs (i.e. BandāBahādur)
gulāla-bāṛan.m. pavilion, palatial gardens
gulasaṣānās. gusalakhānā
gusatāṣaadj. rude, arrogant
gusalaṣānān.m. bathroom; the room in which the Emperor is giving private audiences
gairaadj. other, strange, diverse etc.; often used as prefix meaningwithout, un-: g. hājari: absent, unavailable
gailan.f. path, track
goran.m. grave
goras. gaura
gauran.m. grave
gauran.f. attentiveness, consideration, attention
ghaṇīs. ghaṇo
ghaṇoadj./adv. big, great, important, powerful; much, very
ghaṛīyālīn.m. servant announcing the passing of an hour or pahara by thestroke of a gong
ghāṭīn.f. valley, mountain pass
cakan.m. ownership of land
cavāvan.m. report, denunciation
cākaran.m. servant, client, dependant
cālīsanum. 40; n.m. period of forty days
cītān.m. leopard
cīton.m. leopard
cīraun.m. turban
cīsan.m. pain, cry of pain
ceḍhan.m. district of 560 villages
co-num. four (in cmpds.)
cokasan.m./f. news, information
coṭan.f. wound
cobadāran.m. herald, announcing the arrival of visitors
chāuṇīs. chāvaṇī
chāṃvanīs. chāvaṇī
chānech. ch. adv. repeatedly, again and again, always
chāran.m. dust, soil
chāvaṇīn.f. military camp, cantonment
churīn.f. dagger, knife
cheloadj. ready, prepared
chelīadj. f. ready, prepared
chokarān.m. boy
chokaron.m. boy
chokarīn.f. girl
jaṃjīran.f. chain
jaṃvāison-in-law
janetan.f. procession of the bridegroom's party to the house of the bride
jabataadj. confiscated
jabaradasataadj. violent, superior, strict
jabaradāras. jabaradasata
jabānīadj. oral; n.f. oral or written report which gives a literal account of the original utterance
jabunīn.f. evilness, wickedness
jamaïyatas. jamīyata
jamīyatan.f. army; camp; assembly
jaran.m. gold, silver
jaraṣejaadj. fertile
jarāyatan.f. agriculture, harvest, yield
jaribīs. jarība
jarīn.f. gold thread, brocade
jarīdāadj. distinct, separate; n.m. register, book-keeping
jarīban.f. gauge, unit of measurement (approx. 50 meters)
jalusin.m. meeting, convention
jaṣamīadj. hurt, wounded
jasanan.m. celebration
jahaitin.f. remote province, border territory
jāigās. jāyagā
jāṃ-phīsāṃnīn.f. self-sacrifice
jāṃbas. juvāba
jāṃminan.m. guarantor
jāṃminī / jāṃmīnīn.f. security, guarantee, deposit, bail
jāgaihas. jāyagā
jā-ba-jāadv. here and there
jābatān.m. rule, regulation
jāmanīs. jāṃminī
jāyagān.f. place, position
jāharaadj./adv. obvious, apparent
jāhala1.adj. uncultured, barbarous; 2. adj. negligent, forgetful
jibahan.f. cutting the throat, murder
jilā / jīlān.m. administrative district
jilo / jīlon.m. administrative district
jīraitīs. jarāyata
jīrāyatas. jarāyata
jīlakādan.m. a month of the Islamic calendar
jujaadj. small
jujan.m. war
judāgīn.f. absence, separation
jumalas. jumalo
jumalon.m. sentence; a whole, sum
juraatan.f. courage, audacity
julaman.m. misdeed, crime, injustice
julāhon.m. weaver
juvāban.m. answer
juhāran.m. prostration, greeting
jejīyon.m. jizya, poll-tax for non-Muslims
jailan.f. underside; adv. below
jokaleech
jokan.m. taste, delight
joṭan.m. pair
joṛan.m. union, sum, pair
joṛīn.f. pair; band (of couriers)
joman.m. strength, power
joran.m. power, authority, strength, energy
jhaṃjhan.m. scorn, anger
jhaṃjhal-v.i. get angry, enraged
jhaṣa-mār-v.t. to prate, chatter
jhaṛan.m. current, torrent
jhālarīn.f. garland; cymbal
ṭālās. ṭālo
ṭālon.m. delay; retreat, evasion
ṭīpan.f. note, document, draft
ṭhaṃḍhoadj. solid, immovable
ṭhāhaṇ-v.t. to prepare, provide
ṭhīkan.m./f. news, information; ṭh. paṛ--: to become known, to receive a message
ṭhīkāṇon.m. rank, position
ḍābīn.f. sheaf
ḍābon.m. necklace
ḍār-v.t. to put, throw
ḍālan.m. basket
ḍālīn.f. small basket
ḍīlas. ḍīlo
ḍīlon.m. body
ḍugaran.m. hill, hump
ḍuṭhīadj. f. aggressive, violent, mean
ḍuṭhoadj. aggressive, violent, mean
ḍerās. ḍero
ḍeron.m. tent, quarters; pl. camp
ḍoḍhīn.f. threshold, door, entrance
ḍolan.m. tax assessment
ḍhaṃḍhoron.m. proclamation, public announcement (opened by the beating of a drum)
ḍhaban.m. way, manner
ḍhaletan.m. soldier, guard
ḍhahā-v.t. destroy, ruin
ḍhā-s. ḍhahā-
ḍhīlan.f. negligence, delay
taṃbīhan.f. admonition, punishment, (criminal) prosecution
taadīn.f. offence, injustice, violence, tyranny
taïnāta / tainātan.m.pl. posts, duties; adv. posted, stationed, installed
taïnāthas. taïnāta
takarāran.f. repetition, reiteration, revision
takarīban.f. mentioning, recommendation
takasīman.f. division, partition, distribution; distribution of the assessed taxes on the particular subdivisions of a district
takasīran.f. mistake, offence
takasuraadj. broken, out of order; (money:) wasted
takādaus. tagādau
tagalaban.m. cheat, breach of trust
tagādās. tagādau
tagādaun.m. request, claim, insistence
tagāphalīn.m. negligence, disregard
tagīran.f. worsening, degradation, dismissal
tajavījan.f. plan, estimation
tadabīran.f. prudence, foresight, precaution
tajavījīs. tajavīja
tanaṣāhan.f. wages, salary
tapasīlavāras. taphasīlavāra
taphajulan.m. generosity
tapharīkan.f. division
taphavījan.f. transfer
taphasīlan.f. details; list, survey; explanation
taphasīlavāraadj. detailed
taphāutan.m. distance, difference, inequality
tabaran.m. axe
taburakan.m. blessing, good wishes; gifts presented to inferiors
tabelān.m. horse stables
tamasuṣan.m. bill, promissory note
tarakīn.f. promotion
tarajamon.m. translation
taravāran.f. sword
tarududan.m. consideration, effort, hesitation
talaban.f. payment, claim; demand, query
talahaṭīn.f. area at the foot of a mountain
talahaiṭīs. talahaṭī
talākan.f. divorce
talāsan.f. search, persecution; endeavour
talaipostpos. kai t.: under
tavakaphan.m. delay, break
tavajan.m. favour, attentiveness
tavajahan.m. favour, attentiveness
taṣatan.m. throne
taṣaphīphan.f. making light, reduction; adj./adv. light, simple, insignificant
taṣamīnān.m. estimation
taṣarīban.f. destruction, annihilation
tasadīkan.f. confirmation, certification
tasadīn.f. difficulty, problem, inconvenience
tasabī-ṣānān.m. prayer hall
tasabīha-ṣānān.m. prayer hall
tasaraphan.m. property
tasalahan.f. consolation
tasalīman.f. obedience, submission
tasalain.f. consolation
tasīhān.m. inspection
tasīhyās. tasīhā
tahakīkan.f. investigation, enquiry
tahadilīn.f. dedication
tahavīlan.f. money, cash money, resources
tahavīladāran.m. treasurer
tahasīlan.f. revenue district
tahīras. tagīra
tahaikīkas. tahakīka
tākatan.f. strength, power, ability
tākīdan.f. strict order, admonition, force
tākīyadas. tākīda
tājīman.f. reverence, respect, greeting
tādīban.f. punishment, torture
tāban.m. anger, passion
tābīnan.m.pl. subjects, servants, followers
tābutan.m. coffin
tārīphan.f. praise, approval
tārīṣan.f. date accorcing to the Islamic calendar
tālakan.m. ownership of land
tālīkān.m. appendix, list, register
tuphānan.m. storm, turmoil; grave injustice
tumavāran.m. book-keeping, register, note
tumāras. tumavāra
tesan.m. anger, scorn
tokan.m. iron fetters (around the neck)
tojīhan.f. description, explanation, account
toṭon.m. loss
tobacīn.m. artilleryman
taukas. toka
taujīhas. tojīha
thāman.m. pillar
thelīs. thailī
thailīn.f. bag; bag in which letters are sent
dapheback, rejected
dama-ba-damaadv. anytime, repeatedly
damaṛīn.f. a coin, worth an eighth of a Paisā
dayānatadāran.m. man of honour, reliable man
dara ā-to come in, appear
darakāraadj./adv. needed; useful
daragāhan.f. portal, door
dara gujara kar-v.t. to pass by, overlook, neglect
darabābaprep. with regard to, for
daraṣāsatan.f. wish; request, appeal
darān.m. mountain pass
darāṃs. darā
darāmadan.m. income, earnings
darogan.m. lie
darogan.m. high-ranking officer, police officer
dalagīraadj. terrifying, narrow, menacing
daladalan.m. swamp, mire
daleraadj. courageous
dalerīn.f. courage
davāban.f.pl. livestock (of the Imperial stables)
daṣaṇīadj. southern; n.m. Maratha
dasakatas. dasakhata
dasatakan.m. list, register
dasatagas. dasataka
dasata-rāsaadv. within reach
dasataras. dastūra
dasaturas. dastūra
dasaṣatan.m. written communication
dastagiriphtaun.m. protector
dastūran.m. rule, regulation, practice
dahanum. ten (in cmpds.)
dahasatan.f. fear, fright, terror
daha-serīn.f. weight of 10 seers (approx. 10kg)
dāgan.m. brand
dāga-nāmān.m. register of livestock marked with a particular brand
dādanīn.f. wages, pay
dāmacopper coin; 1 Rupee = 40 d.; next to the rupee the mostcommon currency to be met in the documents
dālānan.m. hallway
dāvān.m. claim
dāṣalaadj. come, present, entered
dikatin.f. suffering, toil, inconvenience
dīyānatadārīn.f. honesty
dila-join.f. consolation, compassion
dilāsā / dīlāsān.f. consolation
dīṭhīs. dīṭho
dīṭhoadj. visible, apparent
dīlabarīn.f. kindness, devotion, sympathy
dīvāṃna ālān.m. prime minister, Vazīr
du-num. two (in cmpds.)
du-caṃdāṃadv. two times, double
durīadv. far, far away
dūṃdan.m. argument, debate
dovamanum.ord. second
dolatan.f. wealth; government, reign
dolata-madāran.m. seat of government; epithet of the ruler
dolatan.f. wealth; government, reign
dyauḍhīn.f. threshold, door
dhakān.m. push
dharak-v.i. to get angry, be angry
dhāya-bhāin.m. foster-brother
dhiraja / dhīrajan.m. determination
dhukadhukīn.f. ornament; jewel worn on a necklace
dhugadhugīs. dhugadhugī
dhokan.m. greeting, bow
naṃpharan.m. person, individual; num. used to count humans: caṃda n.: some people
nakadan.f. cash money
nakada-jīnasan.m. money and goods
nakasan.m. weakness, vice, damage
nakadīn.f. cash money
nakasān.m. map, plan, sketch
nakīban.m. aide, servant
nagadan.f. cash money
nagāron.m. drum (presented as a mark of distinction)
nagīnon.m. precious stone; signet ring
najaran.f. look, aspect; favour; n. kar- / n. gujarā-: to present, hand over
najarabaṃdaadj. under surveillance, captured
najarīs. najara
najākatan.f. politeness, tenderness
naṭ-v.i. to refuse, say no
nalavon.m. box made of bamboo sticks in which letters are carried
navājasan.m. contribution, care
navāsīran.m.pl. wounds, ulcers
nasāta1. n.f. happiness, well being; 2. n.f. product, creation, creature
nasīhatan.f. advice, admonition
nā-kābalaadj. unable, useless
nājan.m. supplies; fodder
nājaran.m. low-ranking officer; supervisor
nājukaadj. small, subtle
nā-durasataadj./adv. wrong, unapt
nāyaban.m. deputy, vice-
nālan.m. cannon, gun
nālasan.f. accusation, complaint
nālisan.f. accusation, complaint
nāṣ-v.t. to throw
nāsapātīn.f. pear
nāharan.m. tiger, lion
niṃcharāvalin.f. present; money distributed on certain celebrations
nigāraśan.m. letter, communication
nigāha-dāsatan.m. supervision, inspection
nihāyataadv. very much, very
nīatas. nīyata
nīkān.m. wedding
nīmājan.m. prayer of Muslims at fixed times, Namāz
nīyatan.f. intention, objective, wish
nīyābatīn.f. vice-regency
nīraṣa / niraṣan.m. price
nīrāṭaadv. very, completely
nīvājasas. navājasa
nīvajasīs. navājasa
nīsabata / nisabatan.f. relation, comparison
nīsāṃn.m. assurance, bestowal; sign
nīsāran.m. present, sacrifice
nukasānan.m. loss, damage
numāin.f. demonstration
neka-ṣuvāhan.m. friend, well-wisher
no-num. nine (in cmpds.)
nobatan.f. drum (presented by the Emperor as a mark of distinction)
nosyaṃdān.m. writer, clerk
naubatas. nobata
paṃja-num. five (in cmpds.)
paṃjīrāin.f. blend of five different spices, offered as prasā
pagāran.m. bank of river, ford
paghaṛīn.f. turban
pachāṛīn.f. rear part; kī p.: postpos. behind
padakan.m. medal, brooch, badge
payādās. payādo
payādagānan.m.pl. foot soldiers
payādon.m. foot soldier
parataadv. anytime
paratapālan.m. protection
paratalan.m. baggage, burden
paradāṣatan.f. pay
parabhātīadv. in the morning
paravānān.m. written order, written confirmation
paravaran.m. helper, guardian
paravaradāadj. protected, supported
paravarīs. paravara
paravānān.m. written order, written confirmation
paravāṃnān.m. written order, written confirmation
paravāṃnon.m. written order, written confirmation
paravāiadj. needy
paravāhan.m. care
palepostpos. kai p. at a distance of...
pasemānan.m. remorse
pahairāṃvaṇīn.f. garments (presented as a ceremonial gift)
pāghan.m. turban
pātara ṣāṃnān.m. brothel
pāyabākīn.m. rest, spare money
pāya-mālīadj. destroyed, ruined
pāra utar-v.i. to cross (a river); to accomplish a task
pāsavānan.m. guard, guardian
piṭārān.m. large basket
pījaron.m. cage
puṭhan.m. back
purasān.m. inquiry
puṣatāadj. strong, solid
pusatan.f. backside
pusatainaadj. hereditary, inherited, traditional
peśas. pesa
pesaadv. forward, in front
pesakasan.m./f. present ( to a person of higher rank); petition, submission
pesakāran.m. officer; lower ranking tax-officer, book-keeper
pesa-dasataadj. eminent, excellent; n.m. assistant
pesavājam. garment, skirt
pesaṣānan.m. the Emperor's tent
pesānīn.f. eye-brow
paigāman.m. communication, information, news
ponan.m. wind
poharon.m. watch
pharadan.f. list, survey
pharadāadv. tomorrow
pharamāyasan.f. order
pharamūdān.f. order
pharamūdon.f. order
pharamosan.m. forgetting, oblivion
pharāhaṃmaadj./adv. assembled, together
phahamīdaadj. understood; intelligent
phāragaadj. free, unencumbered
phāhasaadj. bad, indecent
phīraṃgīn.m. European
phīrayādan.f. appeal for help, complaint
phīla-ṣāṃnān.m. elephant stables
phīsādan.m. rebellion, mutiny
phīharasatan.f. list
phuramāyasan.f. order
phesalan.m. verdict
phaisalan.m. verdict
phaija baṣaśaadj. generous; n.m. benefactor
baṃda-basatan.m. management, organisation
baṃdukan.f. musket, rifle
baïdaadj. far, far away
bakas-v.t. to distribute, present, hand over
bakasīn.m. cashier, high-ranking tax-officer; b.-garī: office of the b.
bagataraposaadj. armed, in armour
bagalagīrīn.f. embrace
bagasīs. bakasī
bageraprep. without
bajaṃnasas. bajanasa
bajanasaadv. in detail
bajadaadj./adv. serious, firm
baṭān.m. loss
badajātīn.f. baseness, meanness
badaraadj./adv. outside
badh-v.i. to grow, spread
bamaiprep. alongwith
ba-mūjaba /ba-mujabaprep. because of
bayānan.m. description, account, explanation
bara ā-v.i. to appear, come out
barakaṃdājan.m. guard
bara-gasatāadj. changed, illoyal
bara-taraphaadj./adv. aside, apart, gone, dismissed
barabādiadj. destroyed, laid waste
barasa-gāṃṭhan.m. birthday
barasāyatīn.f. rainy season
barasā-hīadv. all the year
barahaṃmaadj./adv. confused
barāburadīn.f. calculation
barāmadakāran.m. pursuing one's business
barāvaradas. barāburadī
ba-vākaïadv. really, indeed
baṣatan.m. part; time; point of time
baṣasīs. bakasī
baṣer-v.t. to spread, diffuse
baseṣan.m. glory, distinction; adv. above all, especially
bahalan.m. two-wheeled ox-cart
bahānān.m. pretext
bahālaadj./adv. as always, as usual
bahaikā-v.t. to mislead
bahaiṇan.f. sister
bāc-v.t. to read
bājan.m. falcon
bāja ṣā-v.t. to examine
bājīn.f. agreement, settlement
bājubaṃdan.m. anklet
bājesome, several
bājais. bāje
bādajaprep. after
bādariadj. made of cotton
bādhapostpos. suṃ b.: larger than
bābatan.f. affair, matter; postpos. concerning
bābati/-īs. bābata
bāra-baradāran.m. transport, means of transport
bāralīs. bāralo
bāraloadj./adv. outside, somewhere else
bāvaṛīn.f. well, small tank
bilā-kasūraadj. faultless, blameless
bilauran.m. crystal, crysal glass
bīṛām. pan
bīrayān.f. time, period of time, hour, moment
bīṣ-v.i. to become visible, apparent
bunagāhan.f. rearguard, baggage train
būtātan.m. expenses, charges
be-āba-rūadj. dishonourable; b. kar-: to insult, degrade, demote,humiliate
beinum. both; two
beḍhan.m. fight, war
beṛīn.f. chain, fetter (for feet)
bemavakaiadj. improper, untimely
beran.f. time; delay
be-sabūtaadj./adv. without witnesses, yet to be proven
baicākaadj. ill, weak
bairaṣan.f. flag, banner
bodarīn.f. smallpox
bauhatāyatan.f. abundance
byājan.m. interest
byāpārīn.m. merchant
byāhīn.f. bride
byauraun.m. report, statement
byauhāran.m. business
bhagaṃdaran.m. abdominal disease, fistula
bhāṃnīṃjaun.m. sister's son, nephew
maṃjalan.f. home; stop on a journey; destination
makahuraadj./adv. defeated, conquered, subjected
magaruraadj. proud
majakuraadj. aforementioned, remembered
majabutaadj. heavy, solid
majamuṃnan.m. content (e.g. of a letter)
majalasan.f. meeting, convention
majālan.f. strength, power, courage
matāliban.m.pl. wishes, demands
matavajais. mutavajaha
matāhan.f. goods, property
madatan.f. help, support
manāsibas. munāsiba
manaiṃadj.adv. prohibited, impeded
maṃnaiṃadj.adv. prohibited, impeded
manheadj.adv. prohibited, impeded
maratabān.m. time, occasion
maradāṃnagīn.f. courage
maradānagīn.f. courage
marahamatan.f. mercy, compassion; favour
marāṃhaman.f.pl. favour, presents, gifts
marātin.f.pl. times, circumstances
marāhamas. marāṃhama
mavaïjān.m. compensation; ransom; revenge
mavāphakaadj. apt, acceptable; postpos. in accordance with
mavāphikas. mavāphaka
mavāphakatan.f. agreement, correspondence
mavaisīn.f. livestock
maṣaphīadj. hidden, private, secret
masadaran.m. place of origin, starting point
masarūta / masarutaadj. limited, conditional on sth.; n.m. fixed share of taxes for the Zamindar
masalīn.f. comparison; files, papers
masalahatan.f. good advice
masaṣarīn.f. joke, fun
masodon.m. draft of a letter
mahakuraadj. low, poor, miserable
mahamānīn.f. hospitality
mahasulaadj. collected (money); n.m. result, total
mahīran.m. seal
mahoras. mohara
māitāmother and father
mākulaadj. apt; good, satisfactory
mājūlaadj.adv. disposed (from office), degraded, fallen from grace
māṇasan.m. man; servant
mātabaraadj. trustworthy
mātaman.m. sorrow, grief
māphakas. mavāphaka
māphikas. mavāphaka
māruja / mārūjaadj. written, presented, submitted
māruphaadj. famous
mālītas. mālīyatī
mālīyatīn.f. wealth; yield, revenue
mījamānīn.f. hospitality
mījājan.m. mood, temper, health
mīradhān.m. officer commanding a platoon of ten soldiers
mīsamāradestroyed, ruined
mīsalaprep. like, as; n.f. similarity; file
muṃtaṣibaadj. select, chosen
muṃsaṣasas. musakhasa
mukadaman.m. trial
mukadaman.m. senior, leader
mukadaraadj. entrusted; fixed
mukararaadj. fixed, laid down
mukariras. mukarara
mukāṃmātipl. of mukāma
mukābalās. mukābalo
mukābalon.m. meeting, encounter (in battle)
mukābilās. mukābalo
mukābilos. mukābalo
mukāman.m. stop, temporary place of residence
mucalakon.m. bail; written obligation (of an accused to appear at court)
mujarās. mujaro
mujaron.m. greeting; courtesy visit
mujāyakon.m. difficulty, obstacle
mujāhimaadj./adv. unapt; n.m. obstacle
muḍaṇan.m. ceremonial haircut of a baby
mutaüjais. mutavajaha
mutadaïyaṃadj. pious, honest, honourable
mutapharakaadj./adv. different, diverse, special, separate
mutapharakātaadj. pl. (sg. mutapharaka) various
mutaradidaadj. rejected, denied
mutalakaadj./adv. free, liberated; completely, fully
mutavajahaadj./adv. attentive
mutasadīn.m. government officer
mutasaraphaadj. owning, governing; n.m. owner
mutasilaadj. united, together; neighbouring
mutaharakaadj. mobile, in motion
mutālibān.m. claim
mutālen.m. consideration, assessment
mudaāadj. alleged, supposed
mudatan.f. period of time
mudārātan.f. courtesy
munatajaraadj./adv. waiting, expecting
munāsabas. munāsiba
munāsibaadj. apt, appropriate, adequate
muphasadan.m. rebel, trouble maker
muphasalaadj./adv. separate, detailed; n.m. 'Mofussil', province, countryside
mubadilaadj. exchanged, replaced
mumatājaadj. special, select
mumālakan.m.pl. states, countries, provinces; m. maharusā n.m.pl. dependent states, protectorates
muratabaadj. well ordered, prepared; appointed
murasāadj. guilded, decorated, studded with jewels
mulājamatan.f. service
mulājamatīn.f. service
mulāhajān.m. examination, inspection; attentiveness
mulāhijās. mulāhajā
mulhāijās. mulāhajā
muvāphakas. mavāphaka
musakalaadj. difficult
musakasaadv. certainly, under any circumstances
musatakalaadj. solid, lasting
musatophīn.m. high-ranking officer
musaphakaadj. gentle, mild
musaraphaadj. honourable; n.m. officer, supervisor
musaṣasaadv. certainly, under any circumstances
musāphatan.f. distance; journey
musāhaban.m. pal, friend
muhaṃman.f. important matter
muhāsabān.f. calculation, account
muhoras. mohara
mūjāṃkaus. mujāyako
mehan.m. rain, humid weather
maihagāin.f. misery, hard times, rise in prices
mokal-v.t. to send, dispatch
mokuphaadj. stopped, blocked, suspended
mojān.m. village; place
morusīadj. inherited, hereditary
molan.m. price, worth
mohaḍon.m. mouth; m. kāṛ-: to demand boldly
moharan.m. seal; gold coin
maujūda / maujudaadj./adv. present, existent; available
mautādan.f. custom; fixed quantity
mhepron. we
mhes. meha
mhaijaran.m. assembly hall; mh.-nāmo/-ā: petition
yanāyatas. ināyata
yamanīn.f. carnelian
yākutan.m. ruby, garnet
yevajas. aivaja
rakaman.f. amount, sum
rajaban.m. 7th month of the Islamic calendar
rajābaṃdas. rajāmaṃda
rajāmaṃdaadj. willing, consenting, ready
raju / rajūn.m. return; refuge; r. kar-: to return, to ask for help
radabadalan.m. change, exchange; meeting, discussion
raphākatīs. riphākatī
raphāṣatīriphākatī
raphen.m. removal; resolution; release
rabīn.f. spring, harvest reaped in spring
ramanās. ramano
ramanon.m. hunting ground
rayatan.f. farmer, tenant, client
rayāyatarīyāyata
rasatan.f. provisions, supplies, ration
rasamīyātan.f.pl. customs, practices
rasīdan.f. reception, receipt
rahajana / rāhajanahighwayman
rahamatan.f. mercy, compassion, divine grace
rājīadj. pleased, content
rāṛin.f. turmoil, rebellion
rādhīn.f. discharge, pus
rābānauadj. gone, departed, dispatched
rāyatīrīyāyata
rāvaṭīn.f. small tent; small chamber
rāsiadj. of mediocre quality (esp. horses)
rāhadārīn.m. collector of toll-charges
rāhauṇon.m. pledge, security
rikāban.m.pl. servants, slaves
riphākatīn.f. comradeship, friendship
rītan.f. way, manner, style
rīphākatas. riphākatī
rīyāyata / riyāyatan.f. favour, generosity
rīsālās. rīsālo
rīsālon.m. cavalry, cavalry unit
rukān.m. note, short written communication
rukasadas. rukhasada
ruṭh- / rūṭh-v.i. to be angry, be annoyed with sb./sth.
ru-ba-ruadv. opposite, in presence of, from eye to eye
ruṣasadan.f. departure
rūyadādan.f. report, account
retīn.f. sand, dust; sandbank in a river
rehakalān.m. two-wheeled cart
raityas. rayata
ron.m. direction
ron.m. current, torrent
rokas. rokaṛa
rokaṛan.f. cash money
rojanāmān.m. diary, journal
rojīnaun.m. daily pay, wages
rosanaadj. evident, clear
laïṃmaadj. low, mean
laban.m. bank of a river
lasakaran.m. army camp
lājimaadj./adv. necessary
lāraadv./postpos. behind, after
lālacan.m. greed
līkan.f. line, path, track
lugāin.f. woman, wife
luṇa / lūṇan.m. salt
lothan.m. corpse
lolakan.m. earring, nose ring
lhasakaras. lasakara
lhoṛoadj. small, young
lhoṛīadj. f. small, young
vakatan.m. time
vakāyān.f.pl. events, news
vakāyes. vakāyā
vagairaha / vāgairahaadv. and so on, etc.
varūdaadj./adv. appearing, visible
vākaphaadj. informed; n.m. expert
vākīphas. vākapha
vākaun.m. death
vājabīadj. necessary, due, apt
vājabula arajan.f. written petition
vājamīs. vājabī
vāran.m. nearside of the river
verānas. vairāna
vairānaadj. destroyed, laid waste
volāṃn.m.pl. hail, hailstorm
śaraphan.m. high position, high rank
śukaran.m. thanks, gratefulness
ṣaṃjaran.m. crooked knife, scimitar
ṣaḍabhaḍon.m. noise, tumult
ṣaracan.m. expenses
ṣaracīs. kharaca
ṣarīphan.m. autumn; autumnal harvest
ṣalakan.m. people, crowd
ṣalalan.m. break, breach; misunderstanding
ṣalāsaadj. free, released; n.m. release
ṣalītān.m. bag, purse
ṣasa-bois. khusa-boi
ṣasaman.m. husband
ṣāṃvaṃdas. khāvada
ṣātaran.f. thought; respect; esteem; postpos.: kī kh.: regarding;kh. mai ā-: to like; jo śrījī kī khātara mubāraka mai āvai: 'as Your Majesty likes'; kh. jamāṃ/jmā
ṣātarīs. khātara
ṣātras. khātara
ṣātrīs. khātara
ṣāmaadj. unripe, premature
ṣāradāraadj. thorny, studded with thorns
ṣāvadan.m. master, husband
ṣāsa āman.m.pl. the people, crowd
ṣāhas. khuvāha
ṣāha-nāṣāhaadv. willy-nilly; under any circumstance
ṣāha-maṣāhas. khāha-nākhāha
ṣītāban.m. form of address; title
ṣījamatan.f. service
ṣījamatagāras. khīdamatagāra
ṣījamatīs. khījamata
ṣīṇaadj. weak, ill
ṣīdamatan.f. favour, service
ṣīdamatagāran.m. servant
ṣīphatan.f. insult, humiliation
ṣīragīn.f. impertinence, malice
ṣīlaatan.m. robe of honour
ṣīlavatan.f. lonely place; private conversation, private audience
ṣīlavatīs. khīlavata
ṣīlon.m. nail
ṣīlāphaadj./adv. opposite, conflicting
ṣīsāratan.f. loss, damage, wound
ṣudāyan.m. God (used exclusively for the God of the Muslims)
ṣuphīyyāadj. hidden, secret
ṣumāran.m. drunkenness, ecstasy
ṣulada-maṃjalaposthumous title of Bahādur Shāh ('living in paradise')
ṣulada-makāṃposthumous title of Aurangzeb ('residing in heaven')
ṣuvā-v.t. to feed
ṣuvāṃnacās. khonacā
ṣuvāhaadj./adv. wishing, yearning
ṣusa-boin.f. fragrance, perfume, essence
ṣusa-vaṣataadj. happy, content
ṣusābaṃdīn.f. flattery, greeting
ṣusyālaadj. happy, content
ṣeḍhan.m. enmity, war, resistance
ṣeraadj./adv. good; n.m. health, prosperity
ṣehan.m. dust
ṣairātīadj. intended for charitable purposes
ṣuvāṃcās. khonacā
ṣonacān.m. box, case
ṣopha-rajās. khopha-rajā
ṣopha-rijān.m. anxiety, tension
ṣohalās. khohalo
ṣohalon.m. cave
saṃgan.m. stone, precious stone
saṃvāṃnihas. savānhā
saādatan.f. happiness, wealth
saïn.f. efforts, endeavours
sakarāin.f. charge paid for the encashment of a bill
sakisatas. sikasata
sagāsoin.f. relatives, family
sajāyan.f. punishment
sajāvalīn.f. office of the tax collector
sadīnum. one hundred (in cmpds.)
sanadan.f. document certifying the grant of a Jāgīr
sanadīs. sanada
sanavātīn.f.pl. devalued money which is still circulating
sapārisan.f. recommendation, introduction
sapha-jaṃgan.f. battle formation, battle-field
saphīla parakoṭān.m. city wall
sababan.m. cause, reason
sabīlan.f. way; manner; s. kar-: to borrow, collect (money)
samen.m. time
saraṃjāman.m. completion; adj./adv. complete, done
sarakāran.f. administrative district of the Mughal Empire; state, government (of Jaipur/Amber or Marwar)
saragaraṃmaadj. diligent, enthusiastic
saragarohan.m. leader, commander
sarapāvan.m. long robe, robe of honour
sarapecan.m. kind of ribbon or ornament fixed to the turban as a mark of distinction
sarapharājaadj./adv. distinguished, honoured
sarabarāhaadj./adv. done; collected (taxes)
sarabulaṃdaadj. august, majestic
sarabulaṃdīn.f. majesty, greatness
saramiṃdāadj. modest; embarassed
sarahadan.m. border territory
sarāphān.m. bank, financial market
sarāhan.f. praise, appreciation, admiration
sarīkan.m. partner
sarun.m. beginning
salāhan.f. advice, discussion; s. dolatī: good advice
saluka / salūkan.m. conduct
savānhān.m.pl. events, news
savāran.m. rider, cavalryman
savāran.m. early morning
saṣarīs. sakharo
saṣaroadj. good, fine
sasa-num. six (in cmpds.)
sahulīyatan.f. easiness
sāṃṛyon.m. camel
sāiraadv. in addition; n.m. land the yield of which is exempt from taxation
sāgiradan.m. servant, subject
sājan.f. arms, weapons; gear of mounts
sādan.m. wish, yearning
sādakaadj. true, just, trustworthy
sādaraadj./adv. issued
sādiraadj./adv. issued
sādeyāṃnān.m.pl. celebrations
sābakas. sābika
sābikan.m. previous, earlier
sābutaadj. solid, stable
sāyadaadv. maybe
sāyasatāadj. apt, worthy
sāraun.m. power, authority
sālagīrahan.m. birthday
sālīnos. sālīyāno
sālīyānās. sālīyāno
sālīyānon.m. annual income; land taken on lease for one year
sāhaus. syāhau
sikasatan.f. defeat
siṇasiṇīn.f. noise
sirapecas. sarapeca
silasilepostpos. in order, sequence
silahain.f.pl. weapons
sī-num. three (in cmpds.)
sīpārasan.f. recommendation
sīra joraadj. stubborn, rebellious
sīṣan.f. instruction, information
suj-v.i. to swell
sunharī-rupaharīadj. made of gold and silver
suparadan.f. handing over, entrusting
supedaadj. white
suphaidīn.f. cleaning
subahāṃnīadj. praising, gloryfying
subha-bāṃchakan.m. friend, well-wisher
suratin.f. remembrance, thought
surāṣan.m. hole, opening
sulahan.f. settlement, peace treaty
sulāhas. salāha
suvālan.m. question
suvāras. savāra
susataadj. heavy, clumsy, lazy
susarān.m. father-in-law
seran.f. journey, excursion
selan.m. spear
sehatan.f. health
sogaṃdan.f. oath
sogaṃdhan.f. oath
soran.m. noise, tumult, uproar
sovamanum.ord. third
soṣīn.f. cunning, treachery
sohabatan.f. meeting, discussion, conversation
saukan.f. predilection, wish
smālhan.m. care, attention
smes. same
syāhaun.m. inventory, register
haṃgāmon.m. tumult, turmoil, rebellion
haṃmavāragīn.f. duration, long duration, eternity
hakīkatan.f. fact, reality; the events
hakīkatīs. hakīkata
hajaratan.f. highness, majesty (almost exclusively used for the Emperor)
hajuran.m./f. presence; highness, majesty; court; h. bhej-: tosend sth. to a person of higher rank
hajurīs. hajura
hattalamakadūraadv. to the best of one's ability
hathakaṛīn.f. chain to tie hands together
hadan.f. border
haphata-num. seven (in cmpds.)
hayātan.f. life
harakāron.m. messenger, courier
haragajaadv. anytime, by any means
haragijaadv. anytime, by any means
harāma-namakan.m. traitor, bastard
haraulan.m. vanguard, advance guard
havādāraadj. open, airy
hasata-num. eight (in cmpds.)
hasītan.m. shareholder
hājaraadj. present; gaira-h.: absent
hālan.m. condition, situation; present; adv. now
hāsalas. hāsila
hāsilan.m. result; yield, collected taxes
hījaadv. only, exclusively, by any means
hīdāyatan.f. honesty; guidance
hīmāyatīn.f. support, patronage
hīraṇan.m. deer, gazelle
huṃḍīn.f. bill, draft
huḍīs. huṃḍī
hujatīn.f. objection
huron.m. abuse, insult
hodon.m. howdah